Noninvasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT), sometimes also known as noninvasive prenatal screening, is a technique of identifying the risk that your fetus will be born having certain genetic abnormalities. It is done by examining tiny amounts of DNA known as single nucleated DNA. The results of the tests can be used to screen for genetic disorders and discover problems before any birth defects are present in the fetus.
Fetal abnormalities are common occurrences in many pregnancies. These abnormalities can cause harm to the fetus or the mother. With the help of modern technology, the doctor will be able to detect these abnormalities before they cause any harm to the baby or the mother. Merely by looking at the DNA extracted from the patient's cells, doctors will be able to determine whether there are abnormalities in the baby's DNA or its placenta.
Noninvasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) can determine paternity and fetal sex earlier in gestation than previous tests (including possible ultrasound). These tests screen or disorders resulting from an extra copy of one of 46 chromosome pairs, including Down Syndrome, Patau Syndrome, and Edwards Syndromes. The most common procedure in noninvasive prenatal testing is the DNA microarray test. This test helps to detect a range of genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome cystic fibrosis, and others. NIPTs like this one are available in DNA banks. A sample of a woman's blood is taken, and a DNA microarray is made from it.
There are many other genetic abnormalities that noninvasive prenatal testing can help to identify, such as genetic diseases that affect the limb, eye, or spinal cord. In these cases, a doctor may use other tests to evaluate the risk to the baby. Thus, the high prevalence of such abnormalities has prompted the launch of new products. In August 2019, Axia Women’s Health, a U.S.-based independent women’s healthcare group, launched non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) in the U.S.
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